ALSA

The Advanced Linux Sound Architecture (ALSA) provides audio and MIDI functionality to the Linux operating system. ALSA has the following significant features: Efficient support for all types of audio interfaces, from consumer sound cards to professional multichannel audio interfaces. Fully modularized sound drivers.

Advanced Linux Sound Architecture (ALSA) is a software framework and part of the Linux kernel that provides an application programming interface (API) for sound card device drivers.

ALSA devices

run arecord -l to list capture devices or run aplay -l to list playback devices.

Capture

arecord -f S16_LE -c 4 -r 16000 -d 3 -v audio.wav